What creates parasitic drag?

Parasitic drag is primarily caused by air resistance acting on parts of an aircraft that do not generate lift. This includes components such as the fuselage, control surfaces, and landing gear. As the aircraft moves through the air, these parts create friction and turbulence which contribute to the overall drag force opposing the aircraft's forward movement.

The other factors listed do not directly relate to the definition of parasitic drag. Excess speed can increase the amount of drag, but it is not a cause in itself. Lift generation strategies pertain more to the design and aerodynamics of the wings, which are intended to counteract drag through lift rather than contribute to it. Weather conditions can influence aviation performance overall but are not an inherent component of parasitic drag as defined by the interaction between the aircraft and the air.