What is the best action to take when experiencing a tailwind for optimal aircraft performance?

When experiencing a tailwind, decreasing cruise speed allows an aircraft to take maximum advantage of the additional ground speed provided by the wind. By reducing speed, the aircraft maintains a more optimal angle of attack, which helps improve performance in terms of fuel efficiency and reducing drag.

The key benefit of a tailwind is that it provides extra speed along the ground without requiring additional power from the engines. When the aircraft is at a slower cruise speed, it can optimize the lift-to-drag ratio, enhancing overall efficiency during the flight. This strategic adjustment also helps in ensuring that the aircraft operates within its best performance envelope, reducing the risk of over-speeding or encountering issues related to control at higher speeds.

In contrast, maintaining cruise speed might not yield the same benefits as it does not maximize the opportunity presented by the tailwind. Increasing altitude may be suitable for other reasons, such as reaching smoother air or navigating around weather, but it doesn't directly benefit from the tailwind in the same way. Changing flight path to reduce drag is generally more applicable in other contexts rather than specifically taking advantage of a tailwind effect.